When black bears exhibit aggression, their behavior is either defensive or offensive. A defensive bear says “you are too close” by swatting the ground, bluff charging, blowing, and vocalizing. A female with her cubs may act this way. Back up slowly, without making direct eye contact, and the bear will likely do the same.
An offensive bear exhibits predatory behavior by keeping its head down, following you, and not vocalizing. If this happens, stand your ground. Shout loudly, act aggressively, and try to make yourself appear larger than you are. If you’re with other people, group together and try to move to higher ground. Throw rocks and anything else you can find.
Carrying pepper spray is the best way to protect against a worst-case scenario. Dog-deterrent brands like Halt shoot straight streams, whereas bear-deterrent brands like Counter Assault shoot fogs which, while more powerful, can get in your eyes.
